Partial-Racial Couples
Barack & Michelle = Partial Racial; Kamala & Doug = Unique (100% Interracial)
Table of Contents
· Partial-Racial Preferences
∘ Barack & Michelle are partial-racial
∘ Kamala & Doug are NOT partial-racial
∘ Research Assistant Y. Chen (Dec 12):
∘ Data Outputs
- ∘ Preliminary Intercultural Competence (ICC) Patterns
- ∘ Synopsis
∘ Mom’s Win
∘ Raised Where in the World & Interracial Dating
∘ Evidence of Socialization Effects
Partial-Racial Preferences
Partialracial Couple = the lovers overlap on at least one ethnoracial identity.
Barack & Michelle are partial-racial
— For example, President Barack Obama (Black, White, multiracial) & First Lady Michelle Obama (Black, monoracial) would be partial-racial because they overlap in their Black identity.
Kamala & Doug are NOT partial-racial
— In contrast, Madam Vice President Kamala Harris (Tamil Indian, Black, multiracial) & First Gentleman Doug (White, monoracial) are not a partial-racial couple.
Research Assistant Y. Chen (Dec 12):
“I feel like the overlap could also increase parents’ acceptance, which may increase the satisfaction, because I feel like the parents would be more willing to have their child date someone who at least has or shares a similar background. So like if they were at least partial racial then I feel like the parents would be more accepting.”
Data Outputs
Interracial daters with a multiracial lover who overlaps with one of their identities report more satisfaction than couples in which the lovers don’t overlap (unique), F(1, 37) = 9.32, p = .004. Indeed, both multiracials & monoracials expressed satisfaction when the lover overlapped with at least one ethnoracial identity.
Moreover, an analysis of only monoracial subjects found higher romantic satisfaction among those dating partial-racially (M = 44.44) than those dating interracially (M = 42.27) & monoracially (M = 39.86), F(2, 174) = 3.31, p = .039.
Preliminary Intercultural Competence (ICC) Patterns
Synopsis
It takes more intercultural competence for minorities & White subjects to interracially date a minority group than to date someone White. Moreover, the ICC of White subjects dating minorities is marginally higher than that of minority subjects dating someone White.
Basically, interracial dating may say more about the intercultural openness of White daters than of minority daters.
It may also be the case that minorities dating someone White don’t perceive them as having a culture, which may be an issue to analyze further. For instance, an unspecified numerical quantity of people may not perceive it to be possible to appropriate aspects of White culture.
Mom’s Win
- regardless of sex, most subjects report being closer to their mother than to their father (except for those who report having more of dad’s accent).
- Multiracials who reported that their mom was higher in racial status were closer to her, while those who reported dad was higher were close to both parents.
- Interminority multiracials are significantly closer to their mother than half-White multiracials.
Raised Where in the World & Interracial Dating
Among participants dating interracially, those raised in the United States were disproportionately more likely to date interracially than those raised outside the United States, χ2 (1, N = 298) = 15.84, p < .001.
The same was true for those raised in multiple countries, despite having more diverse social circles than those who were raised primarily in one country outside the US.
This suggests there may be a difference between having diverse experiences (living in multiple countries) and being exposed to interracial couples.
The latter may be more influential in someone’s propensity to date interracially themselves.
Evidence of Socialization Effects
Among East Asian daters, 32.8% of American students have dated interracially compared to only 9.4% of international students. Same race; different socialization.
International students are more likely to date Americans than Americans are to date someone international
Cross-national daters tend to date monoracially.
Lesbians tend to be more upset by their partner ‘s sexual infidelity (as well as heterosexual men) whereas gay men show greater anxiety at the idea of a partner ‘s emotional infidelity (eg Bevan and Lannuti 2002; Buunk et al., 1996; De Souza et al., 2006; Dijkstra and Buunk 2001; Harris, 2002).
Siblings of transgender individuals are more likely to be transgender than siblings of non-transgender individuals (Gomez-Gil et al., 2010).
Cross culturally, women tend to have a lighter skin tone than men (Anita Sitek et al., 2018; Banerjee, 1984; Firooz et al., 2012; Jablonski & Chaplin, 2000; Kalla & Tiwari, 1970; Kalla, 1973; Madrigal & Kelly, 2007; van den Berghe & Frost, 1986; Viren Swami et al., 2008).
“Men rated blond hair as most sexually attractive and women rated both blond and brown hair equally as attractive as red hair” (Janif et al., 2015).
Sidenotes
Political orientation is a significant predictor of someone’s openness to interracial dating (Herman & Campbell, 2012).
Gay men were disproportionately more likely to be left-handed than lesbians, χ2(1, N = 101) = 4.82, p = .028, whereas bisexuals & heterosexuals showed no sex difference in handedness.
“Quotations from interviewees serve to illustrate the results & give voice to the participants in the research” (Creswell, 2007).
Subject 292: “NO ONE CHEAT ON ME”
Darlis Miller, 1982
“For many New Mexican women, a rise in social status accompanied marriage to an Anglo. The latter generally-but not always-had more money to spend than his Hispanic counterpart and usually was better educated. Because income and literacy rates provide indirect means to assess opportunities for socioeconomic mobility, data from selected areas can shed light on this aspect of interethnic unions.”
Be aware that at least some parts of the dating process select on very different traits for White, Asian, Hispanic, Black, Indian, Persian, & multiracial daters, & consider what that means for their analyses.
“Being the leader of the world means to be the leader of peace.”
— President Zelenskyy of Ukraine to US Congress