Dr. Jarryd Willis PhD
1 min readDec 24, 2020

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In addition, rewriting your notes by hand (after initially writing them by hand) helps significantly (compared to *only typing the notes you originally wrote).

*Only = It's perfectly fine to type notes that were originally written, especially if you plan to print them out & read them aloud as though you were giving a speech of your notes (not kidding; I literally have a personal podium in my office that I used to use for this during my PhD). This is a "Production Effect" wherein the production of material is associated with more elaborative encoding of it.

Similarly, when rewriting by hand we hold the material in our minds that we read from the initial spiral, oftentimes transforming/ rephrasing it in some way ("Generation Effect" --> elaborative encoding), and then we physically draw the alphabetical symbols of the letters which conspire to form the words & sentences.

Compared to simply typing notes - in which the letter symbols are already programmed for you with the push of identical button - drawing the letters yourself leads to significantly better encoding & future retrieval

(Generation Effect: Even on instagram, people who write longer comments for someone's post or story have better recall of it than people who write descriptively shorter comments (Jordan Z & Sarah Brown-Schmidt, 2020).. Creation creates stronger memories.)

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Dr. Jarryd Willis PhD
Dr. Jarryd Willis PhD

Written by Dr. Jarryd Willis PhD

I'm passionate about making a tangible difference in the lives of others, & that's something I have the opportunity to do a professor & researcher.

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